These two instrument systems have different materials and designations representing different generations, symbols, and technologies. The ProTaper Universal (PTU) and the ProTaper Next (PTN) (Dentsply Sirona, Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) are two brands from the same manufacturer that have been familiar with clinicians for a long time. New modes of rotation, material, and design have affected the cyclic fatigue resistance of the instrument. The ProTaper Next in the dynamic cycles had the largest NCF, and the ProTaper Universal in the static condition had the least. Data were analyzed using survival probabilities and regression with life data. Files were rotated using proprietary programs, and the times the files were rotated before fracture were recorded. For groups 2 (10 PTU F2) and 3 (10 PTN X2), files were rotated in dynamic cycles. For group 1 (10 PTU F2), files were rotated in static cycles. A total of 30 instruments of ProTaper Universal and ProTaper Next (Dentsply Sirona, Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) were divided into three groups of 10 per group. A step motor, a holding system for an endodontic handpiece, created the movement in and out of the artificial canal of the file mounted on the handpiece. The framework was constructed to establish the movement of instruments occurring at a stable body temperature. The present study aims to measure the number of cycles leading to fracture (NCF) of instruments in static and dynamic cyclic fatigue situations under body temperature in stainless steel double-curved canals.
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